"Wi-Fi 6" is a common name for the wireless standard 802.11ax. As you may have already guessed, there are a number of different versions on the 802.11 protocol. 802.11ax is currently the latest available version :)

As you can see in the table below, Wi-Fi 6 will use the same 2.4GHz and 5GHz frequencies that Wi-Fi has used in the past. This shows that the performance increase is not due to a higher frequency being used but due to the protocol being updated. Wi-Fi 6E is an exception to this as it requires use of 6GHz.

Firstly, there has been an increase in throughput. Much like previous updates, 802.11ax has had an improvement in the modulation allowing more information to be sent through at a time. As well as this, it has had an improvement on the channel width; a wider channel to carry that information.

The second thing is the technical improvements. These are things like adding support for MU-MIMO allowing multiple users to use multiple antennas, OFDMA timed biased segregation to allow more information to be sent through in the same frequency and beam steering which helps create a strong signal between the AP and client devices.

Wi-Fi 6E will still follow the same standards as Wi-Fi 6 as they are both 802.11ax but the main difference will be in the frequency used. That is, the 'new' free licensed, 6GHz frequency. There are smaller updates like WPA3 security being mandatory on Wi-Fi 6E but nothing as major as using the 6GHz spectrum.

Wi-Fi 6E offers a couple of great benefits working on 6GHz but the 2 main draws I can see are that there is no DFS scanning needed due to the frequency being out of the range of anything like the weather radar etc and that it offers a more options to get around noise in your network. Other than that, it should still conform to the same 802.11ax standard as Wi-Fi 6.